The Role of the Family in Polish Family Enterprises

Jerzy Węcławski

Abstract


The sector of family enterprises is smaller in Poland than in countries with a long tradition of market economies. A large part of the family business is owned by the generation of their owners. The purpose of this article is to define the role of the family in ownership, management and supervision in family enterprises. Empirical research was conducted in 2014 based on the CATI questionnaire. The research covered a randomly selected nationwide sample of seven hundred and fifty-eight medium and large enterprises, of which three hundred and ninety-six entities were qualified on the basis of the SFI as family enterprises. The empirical data were evaluated based on the analysis of the structure of the population, the analysis of interdependencies and cluster analysis. The results of the research allowed formulation of three conclusions. Firstly, in the majority of enterprises, the family of owners has a dominant share in equity capital. Secondly, the company managements are relatively narrow and dominated by people from the generation of founders. Thirdly, supervisory bodies are found in a few enterprises and are made up in large part by the owners’ family members. This characteristic of Polish family enterprises leads to a generalizing statement that as family enterprises, they are mostly in the initial stage of development.


Keywords


family firms; family business governance; family business management; types of family businesses

Full Text:

PDF

References


Achleitner, A.-K., Schraml, S.C., & Klöckner, O. (2008). Wie professionell ist die Unternehmensfinanzierung tatsächlich? München: Center for Entrepreneurial and Financial Studies, Technische Universität München, AlphaZirkel und Droege & Comp. Financial Advisors.

Achleitner, A.-K., Bock, C., Braun, R., Schraml, S., & Welter, J. (2010). Ausgewählte Aspekte der Vorstandsvergűtung in bőrsennotierten Unternehmen: Familien- vs. Nicht-Familienunternehmen. Zeitschrift fűr Corporate Governance, 58(3), 227-258.

Anteile der Familienunternehmen in Deutschland an allen Unternehmen, an der Gesamtbeschäftigung und am gesamten Umsatz (2018). Retrieved from https://de.statista.com/statistik/daten/studie/234891/

Aronoff, C.E., & Ward, J.L. (2011). Family business values: how to assure a legacy of continuity and success. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.

Astrachan, J.H., & Jaskiewicz, P. (2008). Emotional Returns and Emotional Costs in Privately Held Family Businesses: Advancing Traditional Business Valuation. Family Business Review, 21(2), 139-149.

Astrachan, J.H., Klein, S.B., & Smyrnios, K.X. (2002). The F-PEC scale of family influence: A proposal for solving the family business definition dilemma. Family Business Review, 15(1), 45-58.

Astrachan, J.H., & Shanker, M.C. (2003). Family Businesses’ Contribution to the U.S. Economy: A Closer Look. Family Business Review, 16(3), 211-216.

Commission Recommendation 2003/361/EC of 6 May 2003 concerning the definition of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (2003). OJ L 124 of 20.5.2003.

De Visscher, F. M. (2004). Balancing capital, liquidity and control. Families in Business, 16, 45-47.

Donnelley, R.G. (2002). The Family Businessin. In: Family Business Sourcebook. C.E. Aronoff, J.H. Astrachan, & J.L. Ward (Eds.), Georgia: Family Entreprise Publishers.

Familienunternehmen in Ősterreich. Status quo 2013. (2013). Wien: KMU Forschung Austria.

Firma rodzinna to marka. (2016). Raport, Poznań: Instytut Biznesu Rodzinnego.

Gersick, K. E., McCollom Hampton, M., & Lansberg, I. (1997). Generation to Generation Life Cycles of the Family Business. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.

Hartley, B.B., & Griffith, G. (2009). Family Wealth Transition Planning. Advising Families with Small Businesses. New York, NY: Bloomberg Press.

Hennerkes, B.-H. (1998). Familienunternehmen sichern und optimieren. Frankfurt am Main: Campus Verlag.

Hepperle, T. (2011). Stiftungen als Instrumente zur Lősung von Schnittstellenkonflikten in Familienunternehmen. Lohmar-Kőln: Josef-Eul Verlag.

Hiebl, M.R.W. (2012). Die Rolle des Chief Financial Officer in groβen Familienunternehmen. Berlin: epubli GmbH.

Kenyon-Rouvinez, D., & Ward J. L. (2005). Family business key issues. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

Keselman, H., & Rogan, J. (1978). A Comparison of the Modified-Tukey and Scheffe Methods of Multiple Comparison for Pairwise Contrasts. Journal of the American Statistical Association. 73(361), 47-52.

Klein, S.B. (2000). Family Businesses in Germany: Significance and Structure. Family Business Review, 13(3), 157-173.

Klein, S.B. (2010). Familienunternehmen. Theoretische und empirische Grundlagen. Lohmar-Köln: Josef Eul Verlag.

Koładkiewicz, I. (2015). System nadzoru w firmie rodzinnej. Doświadczenia polskie i światowe. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Poltext.

Mandl, I. (2008). Overview of family business relevant issues. Final report, Vienna: Austrian Institute for SME Research.

Mutter, Ch. (2011). Vermögensmanagement für Familienunternehmer. Stuttgart: Schäffer Poeschel Verlag.

Overview of Family Business Relevant Issues: Research, Networks, Policy Measures and Existing Studies, (2009). Final Report of the Expert Group, European Commission, November.

Pernsteiner, H., & Węcławski, J. (Eds.) (2016). Finanzierung und Corporate Governance von polnischen Familienunternehmen. Linz: Trauner Verlag.

Pieper, T., & Klein, S.B. (2007). The bulleye: A systems approach to modeling family Firms. Family Business Review, 20(4), 301-319.

Poza, E. (2010). Family business. Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning.

Prym, Ch. (2011). Familienunternehmen und Beteiligungskapital. Lohmar-Köln: Josef Eul Verlag.

Scherer, S., Blanc, M., Kormann, H., Groth, T., & Wimmer R. (2012). Familienunternehmen. Erfolgsstrategien zur Unternehmenssicherung. Frankfurt/Main: Deutscher Fachverlag.

Schweinsberg, K., & Koenen, L.M. (2010). Fremdmanagement in Familienunternehmen. Bonn: INTES Verlag.

Simon, F.B., Wimmer, R., & Groth, T. (2005). Mehr-Generationen-Familienunternehmen. Heildelberg: Carl-Auer Verlag.

Simon, F.B. (Ed.) (2011). Die Familie des Familienunternehmens. Ein System zwischen Gefühl und Geschäft. Heidelberg: Carl-Auer Verlag.

Sirmon, D.G., & Hitt, M.A. (2003). Managing Resources: Linking Unique Resources, Management, and Wealth Creation in Family Firms. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 27(4), 339-358.

Sobiecki, R. (Ed.) (2014). Przedsiębiorstwo rodzinne w gospodarce globalnej. Warszawa: Oficyna Wydawnicza SGH.

Sten, J. (2006). Transfers of Family Business to Non-Family Buyers. The Selling Business Family Perspective. Helsinki: Helsingsfors.

Ustawa z dnia 15 września 2000 r. Kodeks spółek handlowych (2000). Dz.U. 2000 Nr 94 poz. 1037 (The Act of 15 September 2000 Code of Commercial Companies, Journal of Laws of 2000, No. 94, item 1037).

Wiechers, R. (2006). Familienmanagement zwischen Unternehmen und Familie. Heidelberg: Carl-Auer Verlag.

Wimmer, R., Domayer, E., Oswald, M., & Vater, G. (2018). Familienunternehmen Auslaufmodell oder Erfolgstyp? Wiesbaden: Springer, Gabler Verlag.

Winkeljohann, N., & Kellersmann, D. (2008). Fremdmanagement in Familienunternehmen. Vor- und Nachteile: Ergebnisse einer empirischen Studie. Zeitschrift fűr Corporate Governance, 6, 253–260.

Zellweger, T., Halter, F., & Frey, U. (2006). Financial Performance of Privately Held Family Firms, Center for Family Business. St. Gallen: University of St. Gallen.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/h.2021.55.1.85-99
Date of publication: 2021-05-11 08:57:05
Date of submission: 2020-06-24 20:55:14


Statistics


Total abstract view - 862
Downloads (from 2020-06-17) - PDF - 0

Indicators



Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2021 Jerzy Węcławski

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.