The Categories of GOOD and BAD in the Modern Bulgarian Language Based on the Notions of ORDER, ORDERLINESS and DISORDER, CHAOS

Miroslava Varbanova Vatova

Abstract


The paper deals with the concepts of GOOD and BAD as reflected in the Bulgarian lexical system within the framework of the Cognitive Metaphor Theory, developed by Lakoff and Johnson. The study claims that the concepts of GOOD and BAD are undoubtedly grounded in human experience but are conceptualized by means of metaphors as such concepts do not exist objectively in the physical world but result from human understanding of it. The cognitive metaphors discussed in the paper are studied with reference to human understanding of order, orderliness and disorder, chaos in the world.


Keywords


cognitive metaphor, image schemata, figure and ground, GOOD and BAD, ORDER and DISORDER, ORDERLINESS and CHAOS

References


Almaleh 2008: Almaleh, Moni. “Semiotics of Colours.” LiterNet, no 2, issue 99 (2008). http://liternet.bg/publish17/m_almaleh/semiotika.htm. [In Bulgarian: Алмалех, Мони. „Семиотика на цвета.“ LiterNet, no 2, (2008). http://liternet.bg/publish17/m_almaleh/semiotika.htm.]

Cassirer 2001: Cassirer, Ernst. The Philosophy of Symbolic Forms. Vol. 1: Language. Moscow & Saint Petersburg: Universitetskaya kniga, 2001. [In Russian: Кассирер, Эрнст. Философия символических форм. Том 1: Язык. Москва & Санкт-Петербург: Университетская книга, 2001.]

DBL 2015: Dictionary of Bulgarian Language. Vol. 15. Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2015. [In Bulgarian: Речник на българския език. Том 15. София: БАН, 2015.]

Deane 1992: Deane, Paul. Grammar in Mind and Brain: Explorations in Cognitive Syntax. Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 1992.

Gachev 2008: Gachev, Georgiy. Mentality of the World’s Peoples. Moscow: Algoritm & Eskmo, 2008. [In Russian: Гачев, Георгий. Ментальности народов мира. Москва: Алгоритм & Эксмо, 2008.]

Johnson 1987: Johnson, M. The Body in the Mind: The Bodily Basis of Meaning, Imagination, and Reason. Chicago & London: The University of Chicago Press, 1987.

Kravchenko 2001: Kravchenko, Alexsander. “Cognitive Linguistics and New Epistemology.” Izvestiya AN: Seriya literatury i yazyka, vol. 60, no 5 (2001): 3–13. [In Russian: Кравченко, Александр. „Когнитивная лингвистика и новая эпистемология: К вопросу об идеальном проекте языкознания.“ Известия АН: Серия литературы и языка, том 60, no 5 (2001): 3–13.]

Kurbangaleeva 2013: Kurbangaleeva, Guzel. “On the Reconstruction of Pre-Slavic Collocations With Adjectives *belъ(jь) and *chьrnъ(jь).”

International Internet Conference “Slavic Ethnicity, Languages and Cultures in the Modern World”, Veliko Tarnovo University Press, 2013: 352–356. [In Russian: Курбангалеева, Гузель. „К реконструкции праславянских устойчивых сочетаний с прилагательными *bělъ(jь) и *čьrnъ(jь).“ Международна интернет конференция „Славянските етноси, езици и култури в съвременния свят“. Велико Търново: УИ Св. св. Кирил и Методий, 2013: 352–356.]

Lakoff 2004: Lakoff, George. Women, Fire, and Dangerous Things: What categories reveal about the mind. Moscow: Yazyki slavyanskoy kultury, 2004. [In Russian: Лакофф, Джордж. Женщины, огонь и опасные вещи: Что категории языка говорят нам о мышлении. Пер. с англ. Москва: Языки славянской культуры, 2004.]

Lakoff & Johnson 1980: Lakoff, George & Mark Johnson. Metaphors We Live By. Chicago & London: The University of Chicago Press,1980.

Langacker 1992: Langacker, Ronald. Cognitive Grammar. Moscow: INION AN USSR, 1992. [In Russian: Лангаккер, Рональд. Когнитивная грамматика: Научно аналитический обзор. Перевод на русский язык. Москва: ИНИОН АН СССР, 1992.]

Mamardashvili 1996: Mamardashvili, Merab. Necessity of Yourself. Moscow: Labirint, 1996. [In Russian: Мамардашвили, Мераб. Необходимость себя: Введение в философию, доклады, статьи, философские заметки. Сост. и общая ред. Ю. П. Сенокосова. Москва: Лабиринт, 1996.]

Maslova 1997: Maslova, Valentina. Introduction to Linguoculturology. Moscow: Nasledie, 1997. [In Russian: Маслова, Валентина. Введение в лингвокультурологию: Учебное пособие. Москва: Наследие, 1997.]

Nedkova 2011: Nedkova, Emiliya. Phraseological Units as Signs in the Language of Culture. Ruse: Leni-An, 2011. [In Bulgarian: Недкова, Емилия. Фразеологизмите като знаци в езика на културата. Русе: Лени-Ан, 2011.]

Petrova 2007: Petrova, Anastasiya. Concepts in the Field ‘Joy’: Similarities and Differences in the Balkan Linguistic-cultural Area. Veliko Tarnovo University Press, 2007. [In Bulgarian: Петрова, Анастасия. Концептите в полето ‘радост’: Сходства и различия в балканския лингвокултурен ареал. В. Търново: УИ Св. св. Кирил и Методий, 2007.]

Plungian & Rakhilina 2000: Plungian, Vladimir & Ekaterina Rakhilina. “On the Localist View of Meaning: The Preposition Under.” Izsledovaniya po semantike predlogov. Moscow: Russkie Slovari, 2000: 115–133. [In Russian: Плунгян, Владимир & Екатерина Рахилина. „По поводу локалисткой концепции значения: предлог под.“ Исследования по семантике предлогов. Сб. статей. Москва: Русские словари, 2000: 115–133.]

Proverbs 1969: 5000 Bulgarian Proverbs and Sayings. Part 1. Sofia: Nauka i izkustvo, 1969. [In Bulgarian: 5000 български пословици и поговорки. Част 1. София: НИ, 1969.]

Rakhilina 2000: Rakhilina, Ekaterina. Cognitive Analysis of Names of Objects: Semantics and Compatibility. Moscow: Russkie Slovari, 2000. [In Russian: Рахилина, Екатерина. Когнитивный анализ предметных имен: семантика и сочетаемость. Москва: Русские словари, 2000.]

Santibanez 2002: Santibanez, Francisco. “The Object Image–Schema and Other Dependent Schemas.” Atlantis Journal, no 2, vol. XXIV (2002): 183–201. Accessed August 3, 2007. http://www.atlantisjournal.org/Papers/24_2/santiba.pdf.

Talmy 2000: Talmy, Leonard. Toward a Cognitive Semantics. Vol. 1, Сhap. 5. Accessed July 26, 2007. http://linguistics.buffalo.edu/people/faculty/talmy/talmyweb/Volume1/chap5.pdf.

Taylor 1995: Taylor, John. Linguistic Categorization. Prototypes in Linguistic Theory. Oxford: Clarendon press, 1995.

Tsivyan 2005: Tsivyan, Tatyana. World Model and Its Linguistic Basis. Moscow: KomKniga, 2005. [In Russian: Цивьян, Татьяна. Модель мира и ее лингвистические основы. Москва: КомКнига, 2005.]

Ungerer & Schmid 1996: Ungerer, Friedrich & Hans-Jorg Schmid. An Introduction to Cognitive Linguistics. London: Longman, 1996.

Vatova 2012: Vatova, Miroslava. Concepts of Space, Time and Motion in Modern Bulgarian: A cognitive study. Veliko Tarnovo University Press, 2012. [In Bulgarian: Вътова, Мирослава. Представи за пространство, време и движение в българския език: Когнитивно изследване. Велико Търново: УИ Св. св. Кирил и Методий, 2012.]

Vitanova 2012: Vitanova, Mariyana. The Person and the World: Linguistic-cultural study. Sofia: BUL-KORENI, 2012. [In Bulgarian: Витанова, Марияна. Човек и свят: Лингвокултурологични проучвания. София: БУЛ-КОРЕНИ, 2012.]

Vysheslavtsev 1990: Vysheslavtsev, Boris. “The Heart in the Christian and Indian Mysticism.” Philosophy Issues, no 4 (1990): 62–88. [In Russian: Вышеславцев, Борис. „Сердце в христианской и индийской мистике.“ Вопросы философии, no 4 (1990): 62–88.]

Wierzbicka 1996: Wierzbicka, Anna. Semantics, Culture, and Cognition: Universal Human Concepts in Culture-specific Configurations. Moscow: Russkie Slovari, 1996. [In Russian: Вежбицкая, Анна. Язык. Культура. Познание. Пер. с англ. Отв. ред. М. А. Кронгауз, вступ. ст. Е. В. Падучевой. Москва: Русские словари, 1996.]

Zlatev 2006: Zlatev, Yordan. “Meaning = Life (+ Culture): An Outline of a Unified Biocultural Theory of Meaning.” Studia Linguistica Cognitiva, no 1 (2006): 308–361. [In Russian: Златев, Йордан. „Значение = жизнь (+култура): Набросок единой биокультурной теории значения.“ Studia Linguistica Cognitiva, no 1 (2006): 308–361.]




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/zcm.2019.8.106-124
Date of publication: 2019-12-05 09:02:07
Date of submission: 2019-06-16 20:29:53


Statistics


Total abstract view - 1100
Downloads (from 2020-06-17) - PDF (Bulgarian) (Język Polski) - 510

Indicators



Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2019

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.