Freedom of Assembly in the Light of Polish Regulations and Selected Case Law Standards of the European Court of Human Rights

Angelika Koman-Bednarczyk, Natalia Kurek

Abstract


The article is of a research and scientific nature, and its main purpose is to compare Polish legal regulations and case law standards developed by the European Court of Human Rights in the field of freedom of assembly. The analysis of national regulations was preceded by a presentation of the freedom of assembly as the basis of a democratic legal state and by a comparison of the freedom of assembly with the freedom of speech. The analysis of the case law standards of the European Court of Human Rights in relation to freedom of assembly is preceded by a consideration of Article 11 of the European Convention on Human Rights. This issue is supported by the fact that the right to demonstration and public assembly is one of the foundations of democracy, as well as an expression of the existence of civil society and civic activity. The article is a new approach to the research problem.


Keywords


human rights; freedom of assembly; European Court of Human Rights; European Convention on Human Rights; civil society; civic activity

Full Text:

PDF

References


LITERATURE

Blicharz J., Prawo o zgromadzeniach. Wybór i wprowadzenie, Warszawa 2013.

Garlicki L., Hofmański P., Wróbel A., Konwencja o Ochronie Praw Człowieka i Podstawowych Wolności, vol. 1: Komentarz do artykułów 1–18, Legalis 2010.

Garlicki L., Wojtyczek K., Komentarz do art. 31, [in:] Konstytucja Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. Komentarz, vol. 2, ed. M. Zubik, LEX/el. 2016.

Kołaczkowski B., Kształtowanie się regulacji prawnych zgromadzeń w Polsce oraz w wybranych krajach anglosaskiej tradycji prawnej, Warszawa 2014.

Leszczyński L., Kryterium „konieczności w demokratycznym państwie prawnym” w Europejskiej Konwencji Praw Człowieka – studium teoretycznoprawne, “Europejski Przegląd Sądowy” 2014, no. 1.

Liżewski B., Klauzule generalne i ich funkcje w Europejskiej Konwencji o Ochronie Praw Człowieka, “Annales UMCS sectio G (Ius)” 2016, vol. 63(2), DOI: https://doi.org/10.17951/g.2016.63.2.191.

Mamak K., Prawo o zgromadzeniach. Komentarz, Warszawa 2014.

Nowicki M., Wokół Konwencji Europejskiej. Krótki komentarz do EKPCz, Kraków 2006.

Skrzydło W., Komentarz do art. 57, [in:] Konstytucja Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. Komentarz, LEX/el. 2013.

Słownik języka polskiego, ed. M. Szymczak, vol. 3, Warszawa 1981.

Sylwestrzak A., Historia doktryn politycznych i prawnych, Warszawa 2020.

Wacławczyk W., Swoboda wypowiedzi jako prawo człowieka, [in:] Prawa człowieka. Wybrane zagadnienia i problemy, eds. L. Koba, W. Wacławczyk, Warszawa 2009.

Winczorek P., Komentarz do Konstytucji Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 2 kwietnia 1997 r., Warszawa 2008.

Wiśniakowska L., Słownik wyrazów bliskoznacznych PWN, Warszawa 2006.

Wiśniewski L., Wolność zgromadzeń w świetle prawa o zgromadzeniach, “Państwo i Prawo” 1991, no 4.

Wyrzykowski M., Granice praw i wolności – granice władzy, [in:] Obywatel – jego wolności i prawa, comp. B. Oliwa-Radzikowska, Warszawa 1998.

ONLINE SOURCES

Law on amending the Law on Assemblies (Parliamentary Paper no. 1044), http://obserwatoriumdemokracji.pl/ustawa/projekt-ustawy-o-zmianie-ustawy-prawo-ozgromadzeniach-druk-sejmowy-1044 [access: 1.04.2021].

Opinion of the First President of the Supreme Court to the parliamentary bill on amendments to the Law on Assemblies, 30.11.2016, www.rpo.gov.pl/sites/default/files/021-499_16%20Uwagi%20SN%20do%20projektu%20ustawy%20o%20zm.%20ustawy%20-%20Prawo%20o%20zgromadzeniach.pdf [access: 1.04.2021].

OSCE/ODIHR and the Venice Commission, Guidelines on Freedom of Peaceful Assembly, Warsaw–Strasbourg 2010, www.venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/default.aspx?pdffile=CDL-AD(2010)020-e [access: 10.12.2021].

LEGAL ACTS

Act of 17 March 1921 – Constitution of the Republic of Poland (Journal of Laws 1921, no. 44, item 267).

Act of 5 August 1922 on freedom of pre-election assembly (Journal of Laws 1922, no. 66, item 594).

Act of 11 March 1932 on Assemblies (Journal of Laws 1932, no. 48, item 450).

Act of 20 May 1971 – Code of Offences (Journal of Laws 2021, item 281).

Act of 5 July 1990 – Law on Assemblies (Journal of Laws 2013, item 397).

Act of 24 July 2015 – Law on Assemblies (Journal of Laws 2019, item 631).

Act of 13 December 2016 amending the Law on Public Assemblies (Journal of Laws 2017, item 579).

Constitution of the People’s Republic of Poland of 22 July 1952 (Journal of Laws 1952, no. 33, item 232; consolidated text, Journal of Laws 1976, no. 7, item 36).

Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 2 April 1997 (Journal of Laws 1997, no. 78, item 483, as amended).

Constitutional Act of 23 April 1935 (Journal of Laws 1935, no. 30, item 227).

Constitutional Act of 17 October 1992 on Mutual Relations between the Legislative and Executive Powers of the Republic of Poland and on Local Self-Government (Journal of Laws 1992, no. 84, item 426).

Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms drawn up in Rome on 4 November 1950, subsequently amended by Protocols no. 3, 5 and 8 and supplemented by Protocol no. 2 (Journal of Laws 1993, no. 61, item 284, as amended).

CASE LAW

Decision of the European Commission of Human Rights of 16 July 1980 in the case of Christians against Racism and Fascism v. Z.K., application no. 8440/78.

Judgement of the Constitutional Tribunal of 28 June 2000, K 34/99, OTK 2000, no. 5, item 142.

Judgement of the Constitutional Tribunal of 18 January 2006, K 21/05, OTK-A 2006, no. 1, item 4.

Judgement of the Constitutional Tribunal of 10 July 2008, P 15/08, OTK-A 2008, no. 6, item 105.

Judgement of the Constitutional Tribunal of 16 March 2017, Kp 1/17, LEX no. 2242310.

Judgement of the ECHR of 26 April 1991 in the case of Ezelin v. France, application no. 11800/85.

Judgement of the ECHR of 20 February 2003 in the case of Djavit An v. Turkey, application no. 20652/92.

Judgement of the ECHR of 29 June 2006 in the case of Ollinger v. Austria, application no. 769900/01.

Judgement of the ECHR in Moscow Branch of 5 October 2006 in the case of the Salvation Army v. Russia, application no. 72881/01.

Judgement of the ECHR of 5 December 2006 in the case of Oya Ataman v. Turkey, application no. 74552/01.

Judgement of the ECHR of 3 May 2007 in the case of Bączkowski and others v. Poland, application no. 1543/06.

Judgement of the ECHR of 15 November 2007 in the case of Galstyan v. Armenia, application no. 26986/03.

Judgement of the ECHR of 29 November 2007 in the case of Balçik and others v. Turkey, application no. 25/02.

Judgement of the ECHR of 8 July 2008 in the case of Vajnai v. Hungary, application no. 33629/06.

Judgement of the ECHR of 7 October 2008 in the case of Éva Molnár v. Hungary, application no. 10346/05.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/sil.2021.30.5.309-324
Date of publication: 2021-12-17 19:45:17
Date of submission: 2020-05-26 15:53:10


Statistics


Total abstract view - 1544
Downloads (from 2020-06-17) - PDF - 0

Indicators



Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2021 Angelika Koman-Bednarczyk, Natalia Kurek

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.