Moderacyjna rola przebaczenia między zaangażowaniem w pracę a satysfakcją z niej

Justyna Mróz, Kinga Kaleta

Streszczenie w języku polskim


Zadowolenie pracowników jest istotne zarówno dla pracodawcy, jak i dla pracowników. Zgodnie z teorią zachowania zasobów (COR) zasoby, a zwłaszcza ich wzajemne związki, są ważne dla zwiększenia satysfakcji z życia w wielu obszarach, w tym satysfakcji z pracy. Zaangażowanie w pracę łączy w sobie wysoki poziom przyjemności (poświęcenie) z wysoką aktywnością (wigorem, absorpcją). Celem niniejszego badania było przeprowadzenie analizy relacji między zaangażowaniem w pracę, przebaczeniem dyspozycyjnym i satysfakcją z pracy wśród pracowników organizacji. Wykorzystano polskie wersje Skali Utrecht Work Engagement (zaadaptowanej przez Chirkowską-Smolak), Skalę Przebaczenia Heartland (zaadaptowaną przez Kaletę, Mróz i Guzewicz) oraz Skalę Satysfakcji z Pracy opracowaną przez Zalewską. Badanie zostało przeprowadzone wśród 94 pracowników w wieku od 20 do 54 lat. Wyniki wskazały na związki między zaangażowaniem w pracę a satysfakcją z niej. Ponadto uwzględniono moderującą rolę przebaczenia w analizach. Wyniki wskazują, że związek między zaangażowaniem w pracę a satysfakcją z pracy jest zazwyczaj silniejszy dla pracowników o wysokim przebaczeniu ogólnym i przebaczeniu pozytywnym niż dla pracowników o niskim przebaczeniu ogólnym i przebaczeniu pozytywnym.


Słowa kluczowe


teoria zachowania zasobów; przebaczenie; satysfakcja z pracy; zaangażowanie w pracę

Pełny tekst:

PDF (English)

Bibliografia


Akdol, B., & Arikboga, F.S. (2015). The Effects of Leader Behavior on Job Satisfaction: A Research on Technology Fast50 Turkey Companies. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195, 278–282, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.06.159.

Aquino, K., Tripp, T.M., & Bies, R.J. (2001). How employees respond to personal offense: The effects of blame attribution, victim status, and offender status on revenge and reconciliation in the workplace. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(1), 52–59, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.1.52.

Bakker, A.B. (2011). An evidence-based model of work engagement. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 20(4), 265–269, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721411414534.

Bakker, A.B., & Schaufeli, W.B. (2008). Positive organizational behavior: Engaged employees in flourishing organizations. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 29(2), 147–154, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/job.515.

Bakker, A.B., & Bal, M.P. (2010). Weekly work engagement and performance: A study among starting teachers. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 83(1), 189–206, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1348/096317909X402596.

Beek, I. van, Taris, T.W., Schaufeli, W.B., & Brenninkmeijer, V. (2014). Heavy work investment: its motivational make-up and outcomes. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 29(1), 46–62, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-06-2013-0166.

Berry, J.W., Worthington, E.L., Jr, Parrott, L., O’Connor, L.E., & Wade, N.G. (2001). Dispositional forgivingness: Development and construct validity of the Transgression Narrative Test of Forgivingness (TNTF). Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27(10), 1277–1290, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/01461672012710004.

Bond, F.W., & Bunce, D. (2003). The role of acceptance and job control in mental health, job satisfaction, and work performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(6), 1057–1067.

Brown, R.P. (2003). Measuring individual differences in the tendency to forgive: Construct validity and links with depression. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29(6), 759–771, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167203029006008.

Caesens, G., Stinglhamber, F., & Luypaert, G. (2014). The impact of work engagement and workaholism on well-being: The role of work-related social support. Career Development International, 19(7), 813–835, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-09-2013-0114.

Caldwell, C., & Dixon, R.D. (2010). Love, forgiveness, and trust: Critical values of the modern leader. Journal of Business Ethics, 93(1), 91–101, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-009-0184-z.

Chirkowska-Smolak, T. (2012). Psychologiczny model zaangażowania w pracę. Poznań: Wydawnictwo Naukowe UAM.

Cox, S.S. (2011). An investigation of forgiveness climate and workplace outcomes. Academy of Management Proceedings, (1), 1–6, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2011.65869629.

Dierendonck, D. van, & Nuijten, I. (2011). The servant leadership survey: Development and validation of a multidimensional measure. Journal of Business and Psychology, 26(3), 249–267, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-010-9194-1.

Emmons, R.A. (2000). Is spirituality an intelligence? Motivation, cognition, and the psychology of ultimate concern. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 10(1), 3–26, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327582IJPR1001_2.

Enright, R.D. (1996). Counseling within the forgiveness triad: On forgiving, receiving forgiveness, and self-forgiveness. Counseling and Values, 40(2), 107–126, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-007X.1996.tb00844.x.

Faragher, E.B., Cass, M., & Cooper, C.L. (2005). The relationship between job satisfaction and health: A meta-analysis. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 62(2), 105–112, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/oem.2002.006734.

Fehr, R., Gelfand, M.J., & Nag, M. (2010). The Road to Forgiveness: A Meta-Analytic Synthesis of Its Situational and Dispositional Correlates. Psychological Bulletin, 136(5), 894–914, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019993.

Fehr, R., & Gelfand, M.J. (2012). The forgiving organization: A multilevel model of forgiveness at work. Academy of Management Review, 37(4), 664–688, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2010.0497.

Fincham, F.D. (2000). The kiss of the porcupines: From attributing responsibility to forgiving. Personal Relationships, 7(1), 1–23, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6811.2000.tb00001.x.

Flanigan, B. (1992). Forgiving the Unforgivable. New York: Macmillan.

Gordon, K.C., & Baucom, D.H. (1998). Understanding betrayals in marriage: A synthesized model of forgiveness. Family Process, 37(4), 425–450, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1545-5300.1998.00425.x.

Gordon, K.C., Baucom, D.H., & Snyder, D.K. (2005). Forgiveness in couples: Divorce, infidelity, and couples therapy. In: E. Worthington (ed.), Handbook of Forgiveness (pp. 407–421). New York: Brunner-Routledge.

Guchait, P., Madera, J.M., & Dawson, M. (2016). Should Organizations Be Forgiving or Unforgiving? A Two-Study Replication of How Forgiveness Climate in Hospitality Organizations Drives Employee Attitudes and Behaviors. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 57(4), 379–395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1938965516633308.

Hayes, A.F. (2013). Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis. New York: The Guilford Press.

Hobfoll, S.E. (1989). Conservation of resources: A new attempt at conceptualizing stress. American Psychologist, 44(3), 513–524, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.44.3.513.

Hobfoll, S.E. (2002). Social and psychological resources and adaptation. Review of General Psychology, 6(4), 307–324, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2680.6.4.307.

Hobfoll, S.E., Johnson, R.J., Ennis, N., & Jackson, A.P. (2003). Resource loss, resource gain, and emotional outcomes among inner city women. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(3), 632–643, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.84.3.632.

Isfahani, A.N., & Nobakht, M. (2013). Impact of spiritual intelligence on the staff happiness (case study: Golpayegan Petrochemical Company). International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 3, 253–266, DOI: https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v3-i7/43.

Judge, T.A., & Bono, J.E. (2001). Relationship of core self-evaluations traits – self-esteem, generalized self-efficacy, locus of control, and emotional stability – with job satisfaction and job performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(1), 80–92, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.1.80.

Judge, T.A., & Ilies, R. (2004). Affect and job satisfaction: A study of their relationship at work and at home. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(4), 661–673, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.89.4.661.

Kachoie, A., Ahmari Tehran, H., Dehghani, F., Didehban, H., & Raisi, M. (2016). The Relationship between Quality of Working Life and Interpersonal Forgiveness among Faculty Members. Health, Spirituality and Medical Ethics, 3, 10–15.

Kaleta, K., Mróz, J., & Guzewicz, M. (2016). Polska adaptacja Skali Przebaczenia – Heartland Forgiveness Scale. Przegląd Psychologiczny, 59(4), 387–402.

Koražija, M., Šarotar Žižek, S., & Mumel, D. (2016). The Relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and Work Satisfaction among Leaders and Employees. Naše gospodarstvo/Our Economy, 62(2), 51–60, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/ngoe-2016-0012.

Kurzynski, M.J. (1998). The virtue of forgiveness as a human resource management strategy. Journal of Business Ethics, 17(1), 77–85, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005762514254.

Law, M. (2013). Exploring Forgiveness: Do Benevolence and Revenge Associate with Procedural Justice, Workplace Satisfaction and Intention to Leave? International Journal of Management Sciences and Business Research, 2(12), 167–179.

Lennick, D., & Kiel F. (2008). Moral Intelligence: Enhancing Business Performance & Leadership Success. Upper Saddle River: Wharton Business School Publishing.

Li, M., Wang, Z., You, X., & Gao, J. (2015). Value congruence and teachers’ work engagement: The mediating role of autonomous and controlled motivation. Personality and Individual Differences, 80, 113–118, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.02.021.

Macaskill, A. (2012). Differentiating dispositional self-forgiveness from other-forgiveness: Associations with mental health and life satisfaction. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 31(1), 28–50, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2012.31.1.28.

Mache, S., Vitzthum, K., Klapp, B.F., & Danzer, G. (2014). Surgeons’ work engagement: Influencing factors and relations to job and life satisfaction. The Surgeon, 12(4), 181–190, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surge.2013.11.015.

McCullough, M.E., Worthington, E.L., & Rachal, K.C. (1997). Interpersonal forgiving in close relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73(2), 321–336, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.73.2.321.

McCullough, M.E., Pargament, K.I., & Thoresen, C.E. (eds.). (2000). Forgiveness: Theory, Research, and Practice. New York: Guilford.

Pakdel, L., & Sharifi, S. (2016). Moral Intelligence Relationship with Job Satisfaction and Organizational Deviant Behaviors Youth and Sports Department of Fars Province. International Business Management, 10(7) 1151–1161.

Rayton, B.A., & Yalabik, Z.Y. (2014). Work engagement, psychological contract breach and job satisfaction. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 25(17), 2382–2400, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2013.876440.

Roberts, R.C. (1995). Forgivingness. American Philosophical Quarterly, 32(4), 289–306.

Rye, M.S., & Pargament, K.I. (2002). Forgiveness and romantic relationships in college: Can it heal the wounded heart? Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58(4), 419–441, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.1153.

Saltzstein, A.L., Ting, Y., & Saltzstein, G.H. (2001). Work‐family balance and job satisfaction: The impact of family‐friendly policies on attitudes of federal government employees. Public Administration Review, 61(4), 452–467, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/0033-3352.00049.

Schaufeli, W.B., Salanova, M., González-Romá, V., & Bakker, A.B. (2002). The measurement of engagement and burnout: A two sample confirmatory factor analytic approach. Journal of Happiness Studies, 3(1), 71–92, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015630930326.

Schaufeli, W.B., Bakker, A.B., & Salanova, M. (2006). The measurement of work engagement with a short questionnaire: A cross-national study. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66(4), 701–716, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164405282471.

Schaufeli, W.B., Taris, T.W., & Rhenen, W. van (2008). Workaholism, burnout, and work engagement: Three of a kind or three different kinds of employee well‐being? Applied Psychology, 57(2), 173–203, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2007.00285.x.

Sells, J.N., & Hargrave, T.D. (1998). Forgiveness: a review of the theoretical and empirical literature. Journal of Family Therapy, 20(1), 21–36, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6427.00066.

Szcześniak, M., & Soares, E. (2011). Are proneness to forgive, optimism and gratitude associated with life satisfaction? Polish Psychological Bulletin, 42(1), 20–23, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/v10059-011-0004-z.

Thompson, L.Y., & Shahen, P.E. (2003). Forgiveness in the workplace. In: R.A. Giacalone, C.L., Jurkiewicz (eds.), Handbook of Workplace Spirituality and Organizational Performance (pp. 405–420). New York, London: Me Sharpe.

Thompson, L.Y., Snyder, C.R., Hoffman, L., Michael S.T., Rasmussen, H.N., …, & Roberts, D.E. (2005). Dispositional forgiveness of self, others, and situations. Journal of Personality, 73(2), 313–359, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2005.00311.x.

Toussaint, L., & Friedman, P. (2009). Forgiveness, gratitude, and well-being: The mediating role of affect and beliefs. Journal of Happiness Studies, 10, 635–654, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-008-9111-8.

Wade, N.G., & Worthington, E.L., Jr (2005). In Search of a Common Core: A Content Analysis of Interventions to Promote Forgiveness. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 42(2), 160–177, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-3204.42.2.160.

Wei, H., & Ran, Y. (2019). Male Versus Female: How the Gender of Apologizers Influences Consumer Forgiveness. Journal of Business Ethics, 154(2), 371–387, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-017-3440-7.

Wohl, M.J., DeShea, L., & Wahkinney, R.L. (2008). Looking within: Measuring state self-forgiveness and its relationship to psychological well-being. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science/Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, 40(1), 1–10, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0008-400x.40.1.1.1.

Worthington, E.L., Witvliet, C.V.O., Pietrini, P., & Miller, A.J. (2007). Forgiveness, health, and well-being: A review of evidence for emotional versus decisional forgiveness, dispositional forgivingness, and reduced unforgiveness. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 30(4), 291–302, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-007-9105-8.

Yan, X., Yang, K., Su, J., Luo, Z., & Wen, Z. (2018). Mediating Role of Emotional Intelligence on the Associations between Core Self-Evaluations and Job Satisfaction, Work Engagement as Indices of Work-Related Well-Being. Current Psychology, 37(3), 552–558, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-016-9531-2.

Yeh, C.M. (2013). Tourism involvement, work engagement and job satisfaction among frontline hotel employees. Annals of Tourism Research, 42, 214–239, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2013.02.002.

Zalewska, A. (2003). Skala Satysfakcji z Pracy – Pomiar poznawczego aspektu ogólnego zadowolenia z pracy. Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Psychologica, 7, 49–61.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/j.2019.32.4.179-195
Data publikacji: 2019-12-31 17:08:28
Data złożenia artykułu: 2019-05-12 12:27:49


Statystyki


Widoczność abstraktów - 1760
Pobrania artykułów (od 2020-06-17) - PDF (English) - 807

Wskaźniki



Odwołania zewnętrzne

  • Brak odwołań zewnętrznych


Prawa autorskie (c) 2019 Justyna Mróz, Kinga Kaleta

Creative Commons License
Powyższa praca jest udostępniana na lcencji Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.