The Role of European Union and NATO in the system of the international security
Abstract
The article analyses the role of European Union (EU) and NATO in the system of the international security. The official documents often highlights that EU and NATO are unique and essential partners. Both organisations share common values and have 22 common members. Furthermore, it is stressed that UE and NATO can and should be complementary to one another and help one another in pressing area of international peace and security. Unfortunately co-operation between these both organisations still maintain difficult, complex and challenging problem.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDF (Język Polski)References
Adler-Nissen R., The European Security and Defence Policy: from Distant Dream to Joint Action, [w:] International Organizations: Their Role in Conflict Management, ed. P. Dahl Thruelsen, Royal Danish Defence College, Copenhagen 2009.
Aybet G., A European Security Architecture after the Cold War: Questions of Legitimacy, Palgrave Macmillan 2000, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230598553.
Baggett A., Development of the European Union Common Defense and Its Implications for the United States and NATO, “Georgia Journal of International and Comparative Law” 2003, Vol. 31, No. 2.
Barcikowska A., EU Battlegroups – Ready to Go?, “European Union Institute for Security Studies” 2013, No. 40.
Binnendijk H., Gompert D.C., Kugler R.L., New Military Framework for NATO, “Defense Horizons” 2005, Vol. 48, [w:] New Military Framework for NATO: Reprint of an Issue of Defense Horizons, May 2005, Vol. 48, Diane Publishing 2008.
Blockmans S., Wessel R.A., The European Union and Crisis Management: Will the Lisbon Treaty Make the EU More Effective?, “Journal of Conflict and Security Law” 2009, Vol. 14, No. 2.
Brosing M., The Interplay of International Institutions in Kosovo between Convergence, Confusion and Niche Capabilities, “European Security” 2011, Vol. 20, No. 2, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09662839.2011.564614.
Cameron F., The EU and International Organisations: Partners in Crisis Management, “European Policy Center Issue Paper”, 24 October 2005, No. 41.
Capability Development Plan, www.eda.europa.eu/what-we-do/eda-priorities/strategies/Capabilities [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
Clément-Noguier S., Analysis: New Challenges, Tough Choices, “NATO Review” 2006, No. 4, www.nato.int/docu/review/2006/issue4/english/analysis2.html [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
Coelmont J., CSDP: There is Something There that Was Not Before, [w:] The Common Security and Defence Policy: Nationals Perspectives, ed. D. Fiott, Egmont-Royal Institute for International Relations, Egmont Papers, Brussels, May 2015.
Cziomer E., Instytucjonalizacja współpracy transatlantyckiej: problemy i wyzwania, [w:] Bezpieczeństwo międzynarodowe w XXI wieku. Wybrane problemy, Kraków 2010.
Deighton D., Through the Glass Ceiling: The EU as Developing Security Regime for Europe?, “Croatian International Relations Review” 2000, Vol. 6, No. 20/21.
Drent M., From ‘Effective’ to ‘Selective Multilateralism’: the European Union’s Relations with NATO, [w:] The EU and Effective Multilateralism: Internal and External Reform Practices, eds. E. Drieskens, L.G. van Schaik, Routledge 2014.
Dursun-Ozkanca O., Does it Take Four to Tango? A Comparative Analysis of International Collaboration on Peacebuilding in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo, “Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies” 2010, Vol. 12, No. 4.
Egger C., Being the Best at Winning the Peace. NATO and EU Rival Development of a Comprehensive Approach to Crisis Management, 2013, https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00804164 [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
Engberg K., The EU and Military Operations: A Comparative Analysis, Routledge 2013.
EU-US Summit, Joint Statement, Brussels, 26 March 2014, 140326/02.
European Defence Agency, EDA’s Pooling&Shering, Fact Sheet, www.eda.europa.eu/docs/default-source/eda-factsheets/final-p-s_30012013_factsheet_cs5_gris [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
European Union, European Security and Defence Policy, EU Naval Operation against Piracy (EU NAVFOR Somalia – Operation ATALANTA), www.iflos.org/media/34138/090422-factsheet_eu_navfor_somalia-version6_en.pdf [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
Factsheet on EUNAVFOR MED Mission, European Union Naval Force – Mediterranean Operation Sophia, http://eeas.europa.eu/csdp/missions-and-operations/eunavfor-med/index_en.htm [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
Final Communiqué of the Ministerial Meeting of the North Atlantic Council, Press Communiqué M-NAC-1(96)63 – 3 June 1996.
Force Re-Structuring, www.euforbih.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2821 [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
Gebhard C., Smith S.J., The Two Faces of EU-NATO Cooperation: Counter-Piracy Operations off the Somali Coast, “Cooperation and Conflict” 2015, Vol. 50, No. 1, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010836714532917.
Germond B., The Maritime Dimension of European Security: Seapower and the European Union, Palgrave Macmilla 2015, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137017819.
Germond B., Smith M.E., Re-Thinking European Security Interests and the ESDP: Explaining the EUs Anti-Piracy Operation, “Contemporary Security Policy” 2009, Vol. 30, No. 3, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13523260903327741.
Gnesotto N., The Need for a More Strategic EU, [w:] What Ambitions for European Defence in 2020?, ed. A. de Vasconcelos, European Union Institute for Security Studies, Report No. 8, November 2010.
Gourlay C., The Politics of EU Civilian Interventions and the Strategic Deficit of the CSDP, Geneva Center for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces, Brussel-ISIS Europe, EU Crisis Management Papers, September 2011, with revised Chart, September 2012.
Graeger N., Security. EU-NATO Relations: Informal Cooperation as a Relations: Informal Cooperation as a Common Lifestyle, [w:] The European Union with(in) International Organisations: Commitment, Consistency, and Effects Across Time, ed. A. Orsini, Ashgate 2014.
Graeger N., Haugevik K.M., The EU’s Performance with and within NATO: Assessing Objectives, Outcomes and Organisational Practices, “European Integration” 2011, Vol. 33, No. 6.
Graeger N., Tood J., Still a “Strategic” EU-NATO Partnership? Bridging Governance Challenges through Practical Cooperation, “PISM Policy Paper” 2015, No. 21 (123).
Grevi G., EULEX Kosovo: The EU Rule-of-Law Mission in Kosovo (EULEX Kosovo), [w:] European Security and Defence Policy. The First 10 Years (1999–2009), eds. G. Grevi, D. Helly, D. Keohane, European Union Institute for Security Studies, Paris 2009.
Gross E., Peacebuilding in 3D: EU and US Approaches, “Chaillot Papers” 2013, No. 130.
Helly D., EU NAVFOR Somalia: The EU Military Operation Atalanta, [w:] European Security and Defence Policy. The First 10 Years (1999–2009), eds. G. Grevi, D. Helly, D. Keohane, European Union Institute for Security Studies, Paris 2009.
Henius J., MacDonald J.L., Smart Defence: A Critical Appraisal, NATO Defence College, NDC Forum Papers Series, Rome, March 2012.
Hoffman S.C., Overlapping Institutions in the Realm of International Security: The Case of NATO and ESDP, “Perspectives on Politics” 2009, Vol. 7, No. 1, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537592709090070.
http://eeas.europa.eu/csdp/missions-and-operations/eunavfor-med/index_en.htm [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=URISERV:l33243 [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
http://europa.eu/globalstrategy/en [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
http://eu-un.europa.eu/articles/en/article_1871_en.htm [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
http://oceansbeyondpiracy.org/matrix/shared-awareness-and-deconfliction-shade [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
http://oide.sejm.gov.pl/oide/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=14815:traktaty&catid=22&Itemid=940#D [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
Ioannides I., EUPOL Proxima/EUPAT (Fyrom): The EU Police Mission (EUPOL Proxima) and European Union Police Advisory Team (EUPAT) in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, [w:] European Security and Defence Policy. The First 10 Years (1999–2009), eds. G. Grevi, D. Helly, D. Keohane, European Union Institute for Security Studies, Paris 2009.
“Joint Paper by France, Germany and the United Kingdom” Naples, 29 November 2003, [w:] From Copenhagen to Brussel. European Defence: Core Documents, Vol. 4, compiled A. Missiroli, “Chaillot Papers” December 2003, No. 67.
Joint statement by the NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg and the President of the European Commission Jean-Claude Juncker, 16 June 2015, www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/opinions_120675.htm [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
Kanis G.J., Ettinger M.R. van, Operational Assessment of a NATO Response Force, http://streitcouncil.org/uploads/PDF/Operational%20Assessment%20of%20NATO%20Response%20Force.pdf [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
Keohane D., ESDP and NATO, [w:] European Security and Defence Policy. The First 10 Years (1999–2009), eds. G. Grevi, D. Helly, D. Keohane, European Union Institute for Security Studies, Paris 2009.
Keohane D., EUFOR Althea (Bosnia and Hercegovina): The European Union Military Operation in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Althea), [w:] European Security and Defence Policy. The First 10 Years (1999–2009), eds. G. Grevi, D. Helly, D. Keohane, European Union Institute for Security Studies, Paris 2009.
Knauer J., EUFOR Althea: Appraisal and Future Perspectives of the EU’s Former Flagship Operation in Bosnia and Herzegovina, College of Europe, Department of EU International Relations and Diplomacy Studies, EU Diplomacy Paper 07/2011.
Koops J.A., The European Union as an Integrative Power: Assessing the EU’s ‘Effective Multilateralism’ Towards NATO and the United Nations, Institute for European Studies, Vrije Universiteit Brussel 2011.
Koutrakos P., EU International Relations Law, Modern Studies in European Law, Bloomsbury, Hart Publishing 2015.
Koutrakos P., The EU Common Security and Defence Policy, Oxford 2013, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199692729.001.0001.
Lagadec E., Transatlantic Relations in the 21st Century: Europe, America and the Rise of the Rest, Routledge 2012.
Landman L., The EU Maritime Security Strategy Promoting or Absorbing European Defence Cooperation?, Clingendael Policy Brief, April 2015.
Larik J., Europe’s Fight Against Piracy: From the Barbary Coast to Operation Atalanta, Fondation Pierre du Bois, Papiers d’actualité/Current Affairs in Perspective, Mai 2013, No. 4.
Lasconjarias G., The NRF: from a Key Driver of Transformation to a Laboratory of the Connect Forces Initiative, NATO Defence College’s Research Paper No. 88, January 2013.
Lynch D., Missiroli A., ESDP Operations, European Union Institute for Security Studies, www.peacepalacelibrary.nl/ebooks/files/09-dvl-am.pdf [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
Madelein K. Albright, US Secretary of State ‘The Right Balance Will Secure NATO’s Future’, “Financial Times”, 7 December 1998, [w:] From St-Malo to Nice European Defence: Core Documents, compiled M. Rutten, “Chaillot Papers” May 2001, No. 47.
Major C., Mölling C., The Dependent State(s) of Europe: European Defency in Year Five of Austerity, [w:] The State of Defence in Europe: State of Emergency?, eds. S. Biscop, D. Fiott, Egmont – Royal Institute for International Relations, Egmont Papers No. 62, November 2013.
Mattellaer A., Coelmont J., Modern European Operations: From Phoney Wars to Sickle Cuts, [w:] The State of Defence in Europe: State of Emergency?, eds. S. Biscop, D. Fiott, Egmont – Royal Institute for International Relations, Egmont Papers No. 62, November 2013.
McLaren J.G., Europe’s Efforts to Develop an Autonomous Defense Capability. A Constitution for Europe, and the Implications for NATO, “Columbia Journal of European Law” 2005, Vol. 11, No. 3.
Medcalf J., Cooperation between the EU and NATO, “Studies in Contemporary History and Security Policy” 2003, Vol. 11, No. 1.
Missorili A., EU-NATO Cooperation in Crisis Management: No Turkish Delight for ESDP, “Security Dialogue” 2002, Vol. 33, No. 1.
Moens A., European Defence and NATO: the Case for New Governance, “International Journal” 2001, Vol. 56, No. 2.
Mölling C., Study: State of Play of the Implementation of EDA’s Pooling and Sharing Initiatives and its Impact on the European Defence Industry, European Parliament, Policy Department, Directorate-General for External Policies, EP/EXPO/B/SEDE/FWC/2013-08/Lot6/03, June 2015 -PE 534.988.
Musliu V., Geci S., Deconstructing and Defining EULEX, “Central European Journal of International and Security” 2014, Vol. 8, No. 1.
NATO Military Policy on Civil-Military Co-operation, MC 411/1, www.nato.int/ims/docu/mc411-1-e.htm [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
NATO-EU: a Strategic Partnership, www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/topics_49217.htm?selectedLocale=uk [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
Oaks M., European Defence: From Pörtschach to Helsinki, House of Commons Library, Research Paper 00/20, 21 February 2000.
Palm T., Normative Power and Military Means: The Case of the UE in FYR Macedonia, [w:] New Approaches to EU Foreign Policy, eds. M. Wilga, I.P. Karolewski, Routledge 2014.
Pertusot V., European Defence: Minilateralism is Not the Enemy, [w:] The Common Security and Defence Policy: Nationals Perspectives, ed. D. Fiott, Egmont-Royal Institute for International Relations, Egmont Papers, Brussels, May 2015.
Pop A., NATO and the European Union: Cooperation and Security, “NATO Review” 2007, www.nato.int/docu/review/2007/Partnerships_Old_New/NATO_EU_cooperation_security/EN/index.htm [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
Reichard M., Some Legal Issues Concerning the EU-NATO Berlin Plus Agreement, “Nordic Journal of International Law” 2004, Vol. 73, No. 1, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181004323056383.
Renard T., European Union: A New Security Actor?, European University Institute, Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies, Global Governance Programme-99, EUI Working Paper RSCAS 2014/45.
Roach A., Countering Piracy off Somalia: International Law and International Institutions, “American Journal of International Law” 2010, Vol. 104, No. 3.
Rodt A.P., Taking Stock of EU Military Conflict Management, “Journal of Contemporary European Research” 2011, Vol. 7, No. 1.
Rotfeld A.D., The OSCE Role in Cooperation in NATO and the UE in Southeastern Europe, “Croatian International Relations Review” 2000, Vol. 6, No. 21/22.
Schmitt B., European Capabilities Action Plan (ECAP), European Union Institute for Security Studies, http://bdi.mfa.government.bg/info/Module%2002%20%20Diplomacia%20na%20ES/dopalnitelna%20literatura/ECAP%20process.pdf [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
Silvestri S., The UE, NATO, and the Use of Force: A Division of Labour, [w:] What Do Europeans Want from NATO?, ed. A. de Vasconcelos, European Union Institute for Security Studies, Report No. 8, November 2010.
Smith S.J., EU-NATO Cooperation: A Case of Institutional Fatigue?, “European Security” 2011, Vol. 20, No. 2, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09662839.2011.557771.
Sperling J., The European Union and NATO: Subordinate Partner, Cooperative Pillar, Competing Pole, [w:] The EU Presence in International Organizations, eds. S. Blavoukos, D. Bourantonis, Routledge 2011.
Spernbauer M., EU Peacebuilding in Kosovo and Afghanistan: Legality and Accountability, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers 2014, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789004265714.
Spernbauer M., EULEX Kosovo: The Difficult Deployment and Challenging Implementation of the Most Comprehensive Civilian EU Operation to Date, “German Law Journal” 2010, Vol. 11, No. 8.
Stabilizations Force Transfer of Authority, 5 October 2004 (pdf), www.nato.int/sfor [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
Stewart M.J., European Union Conflict Prevention and the European Security Architecture, [w:] EU Conflict Prevention and Crisis Management: Roles, Institutions, and Policies, eds. E. Gross, A.E. Juncos, Routledge 2011.
Sturm P., NATO and the EU: Cooperation?, “European Security Review” 2010, Vol. 48, www.natowatch.org/sites/default/files/2010_artrel_445_eu-nato-capabilities.pdf [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
Tardy T., CSDP in Action What Contribution to International Security?, “Challiot Papers” May 2015, No. 134.
Tardy T., The EU: Facing Non-Traditional Threats in a Globalized World, [w:] Great Powers and Strategic Stability in the 21st Century: Competing Visions of World Order, ed. G.P. Herd, Routledge 2010.
The NATO-UE Strategic Partnership, www.nato.int/docu/comm/2004/06-istanbul/press-kit/006.pdf [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
Treaty between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the French Republic for Defence and Security Co-operation, London, 2 November 2010, Treaty Series No. 36 (2011), Cm 8174, www.official-documents.gov.uk [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
Varwick J., Koops J.A., The European Union and NATO: ‘Shrewd Interorganizationalism’ in the Making?, [w:] The European Union and International Organizations, ed. K.E. Jørgensen, Routledge 2009.
Vasconcelos A. de, Europe’s NATO, “European Union Institute for Security Studies” 2009, No. 29.
Vasconcelos A. de, Introduction – 2020: Defence Beyond the Transatlantic Paradigm, [w:] What Ambitions for European Defence in 2020?, ed. A. de Vasconcelos, European Union Institute for Security Studies, Report No. 8, November 2010.
Washington Summit Communique, Issued by the Heads of State and Government participating in the meeting of the North Atlantic Council in Washington, D.C. on 24th April 1999, NAC-S(99)64.
Wouters J., Jong S. de, Man P. de, The EU’s Commitment to Effective Multilateralism in the Field of Security: Theory and Practice, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Working Paper No. 45, March 2010.
Wouters J., Neart F., How Effective is the European Security Architecture? Lesson from Bosnia and Kosovo, “International and Comparative Law Quarterly” 2001, Vol. 50, No. 3, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iclq/50.3.540.
www.aco.nato.int/kfor/about-us/natos-role-in-kosovo.aspx [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
www.aco.nato.int/page13974522.aspx [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
www.atlanticcommunity.org/Saint-Malo%20Declaration%20Text.html [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
www.consilium.europa.eu/en/meetings/international-summit/2016/07/08-09/ [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/en/esdp/91624.pdf [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cmsupload/03-11-11%20berlin%20plus%20press%20note%20bl.pdf [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cmsUpload/2010%20Headline%20Goal.pdf [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
www.eeas.europa.eu/csdp/about-csdp/european-security-strategy [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
www.eulex-kosovo.eu/en/news/000443.php [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
www.europarl.europa.eu/summits/fei1_en.htm [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
www.europarl.europa.eu/summits/hel1_en.htm [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
www.europarl.europa.eu/summits/kol2_en.htm [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
www.mc.nato.int/ops/Pages/OOS.aspx [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
www.mschoa.org/on-shore/about-us [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/official_texts_112964.htm [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/topics_49217.htm [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/topics_48815.htm#Protector [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/topics_48818.htm [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/topics_49755.htm [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/topics_7932.htm [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
www.nato.int/ifor/gfa/gfa-home.htm [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
www.nato.int/ifor/ifor.htm [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
www.nato.int/docu/update/2004/06-june/e0629f.htm [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
www.nato.int/sfor [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
www.natolibguides.info/smartdefence [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
www.nordefco.org/The-basics-about-NORDEFCO [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/docs/2015_national_security_strategy.pdf [data dostępu: 20.08.2016].
Xavier A.I., The EU’s Battlegroup in Perspective: Addressing Present Challenges for Future Deployments, Austria Institute für Europa-und-Sicherheitspolitik, “Focus” 2013, No. 7.
Yost D.S., NATO and International Organizations, NATO Defense College, Research Division, Rome, September 2007.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/g.2016.63.1.119
Date of publication: 2016-09-22 08:24:45
Date of submission: 2016-03-19 19:42:27
Statistics
Indicators
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2016 Edyta Marlena Lis
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.