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Wyślij tekst przez e-mail Etnografia jako zaniedbana metoda w lingwistyce indukcyjnej
Streszczenie w języku polskim
Autor wychodzi od stwierdzenia, że wypracowanie skutecznego podejścia do badania relacji między gramatyką a kulturą może być trudne, o czym świadczą dziesięciolecia dyskusji nad tzw. „hipotezą Sapira–Whorfa”. Stawia tezę, iż badania językoznawcze powinny w sposób bardziej metodyczny korzystać z etnografii jako źródła znaczeń zawartych w gramatyce.
Przedstawia przykłady tego, jak konstrukcje gramatyczne kształtowane są przez kulturowe schematy, scenariusze i modele; pokazuje, w jaki sposób uwzględnienie danych pozajęzykowych (przyjęzykowych) rozwiązuje stare problemy analizy gramatycznej; proponuje być może kontrowersyjny pogląd, iż dane dotyczące sposobu życia u przodków homo sapiens dostarczają wskazówek co do natury protogramatyki. Omawiane przypadki obejmują: (1) relacje między językiem i kulturą w sytuacjach code-switching; (2) szczegółową analizę sieci semantycznej wiązanej ze złożonym formantem; (3) definiowanie modelu kulturowego obejmującego sekwencje myślenia, czucia i działania; (4) wykorzystanie wcześniej publikowanych opisów etnograficznych do odkrywania odpowiedniości między modelami kulturowymi a kategoriami w systemie klasyfikatorów nominalnych; (5) kulturę jednego z prehistorycznych gatunków człowieka znana nam wyłącznie z odkryć archeologicznych i paleontologicznych oraz jej możliwy wpływ na protogramatykę języka.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/et.2015.27.21
Data publikacji: 2015-09-07 11:04:50
Data złożenia artykułu: 2015-08-24 12:38:03
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